RTS XCP-48-RJ45 Bedienungsanleitung PDF herunterladen (Seite 71)

Network Terminology

Bridges

A bridge is a device that connects two LANs, or two segments of the same LAN that use the

same protocol. Sometimes called “transparent bridges, they work at the OSI model Layer 2.

Simply put, they are not concerned with protocols. Their main job is to pass data to a destination

address that is predetermined in the data packet.

With a bridge, all of your computers are on the same network subnet (see Subnet). This means

your computers can communicate with each other and have their own Internet connection. If

you assign your own IP Addresses be sure to use the same first 3 “octets” of the IP Address (for

example, 192.168.0.X).

Domain Name Server

(DNS)

A DNS Server is an Internet service that translates domain names (for example, in the URL

http://www.telex.com, the domain name is the telex.com) into IP Addresses. The Internet is

based on IP Addresses which are numeric and since domain names are alphabetic, they are

easier to remember. Every time a domain name is used it must go through the DNS server to be

translated into an IP Address.

Gateway

A gateway is a node on a network that serves as an entrance to another network. The gateway

routes traffic from a computer to an outside network that is serving the web pages. For example,

the gateway for a home computer is the ISP provider that connects the user to the Internet.In a

corporate environment, the gateway often acts as a proxy server and a firewall. Gateways are

similar to routers and switches in that they forward data to the destination and provide the path

for which the data will travel to the destination.

Hub

A hub is a common connection point for devices in a network. A hub has multiple ports. When

a data packet arrives at a hub, it is copied and distributed to all of its ports so that all nodes on

the LAN can see the packets

There are three types of hubs:

passive hub - this hub serves as a conduit for the data, enabling it to go from one device

to another.

intelligent hub (also known as manageable hubs) - this hub includes addition features

that enable administrators to monitor traffic through the hub.

switching hub - this hub reads the destination address of each packet and then forwards

the data pack to the appropriate port.

IP Address (Internet

Protocol Address)

An IP Address is an identifier or numerical name for a computer or device on a network. Data

between computers are routed over the network using these addresses to identify the computer

the message is being sent to and the computer the message is being sent from.The format of an

IP Address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. For

example, an IP Address looks like 10.100.1.1.

IMPORTANT: When working within an isolated network (meaning there is no Internet

access), IP Addresses can be assigned at random just as long as they are

unique to each computer and device. When the isolated network is

connected to the Internet, registered Internet Addresses must be obtained.

This is to prevent duplication of addresses.

The four numbers in and IP Address are used in different was to identify a particular network

and host on that network. There are three classes of Internet Addresses.

CLASS A - supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks.

CLASS B - supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks.

CLASS C - supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.

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